The Yorkshire Lay Subsidy
30 Edward I (1301)
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This volume contains the return for Yorkshire,
as far as preserved, to the grant of a subsidy of a Fifteenth of all personalty
made to Edward I. at the Parliament held at Lincoln in the spring of 1300–1.
The only other subsidy for this reign which is extant, namely, a Ninth granted
in 1297, has been printed in Volume xvi. of this series. No return exists for
the reign of Edward II., so it is necessary to pass to the time of Edward III.
for the next Yorkshire Subsidy Roll. Like the subsidy roll already in print,
this one is imperfect. Almost all the North Riding portion has been preserved,
but the returns for Allertonshire and for the
liberties of St. Mary's and St. Peter's, York, are very much rubbed, and to
some extent destroyed. There is nothing for the West Riding, and only the
wapentake between Ouse and Derwent for the East Riding. All these are in the
same handwriting, and were probably copied by the same clerk from the original
returns. The following is a list of the MSS. printed, all of which are in the
Public Record Office:—Exchequer Lay Subsidies. Yorks. N. R., 211/2, twenty-six
membranes, pp. 1–104. Ibid., 211/4, one long membrane, pp. 104–115. Ibid.
Yorks. E.R., 202/4, a fragment, pp. 115–6. Ibid. Yorks. N.R., 211/5, another
fragment, p. 116.
At the end (pp. 117–121) is printed the return
for the city of York, which is entered on the Roll of Foreign Accounts, No.
ii., now attached to the end of the Pipe Roll for 30 Edward I. This is written
in a different hand.
The circumstances attending the grant of this
subsidy were very similar to those under which the grant of a Ninth was made in
1297. The Ninth was granted as a consideration for the confirmation by the king
of the Great and Forest Charters. By this confirmation the king undertook not
to levy taxes without the consent of Parliament, and promised that the Forest
Charter, which had been issued by his father in 1217, should be observed.
Unfortunately, from the very beginning misunderstandings arose as to the nature
of this confirmation. The introduction by the king of a clause saving the
rights of the Crown cast great doubts on his sincerity, and the delay in the
enforcement of the Forest Charter gave rise to much discontent. By the
provisions of this charter surveys or perambulations of the royal forests were
to be made to ascertain how much land had been improperly enclosed by the
Crown, and steps taken for the disafforestment of the
portions wrongfully taken in. To allay this discontent the king in a full Parliament
held at London in 1300 reconfirmed the Great and Forest Charters, with
additional articles, which are embodied in an important act, called "The
Articles upon the Charters." In consequence of these the survey of the
forests was made and presented to a Parliament held at Lincoln, which began on
January 20th, 1300–1.
At this Parliament (fn. 1) the king desired
the prelates and nobles to express approval of the perambulation, which had
been made and ridden (chevauchee) by the king's order, or to redress anything
in it which required amendment. If that method did not please them, then that a
middle way should be provided whereby the matter might be arranged in a
suitable manner, having regard to the dignity of the Crown, that it should not
be diminished, and also that the king's oath and theirs to the Crown should be saved.
The prelates and nobles replied that for fear
of the perils which might ensue they dared not answer; but instead they
presented a bill containing twelve articles for his consideration.
By the first two, to which the king gave his
hearty assent (placet expresse), they prayed that the
Great and Forest Charters should be observed from thenceforth punctiliously and
in all points, and that any statutes to the contrary should be declared null
and void. By the third article, to which he gave a grudging assent (placet tacite), he agreed that with the advice of the prelates and
nobles the jurisdiction (poer) of the justices
assigned for keeping the charters in the counties should be defined (mis en certein). Next was agreed that
the perambulation already made and ridden by good men according to the form
provided in the Forest Charter, should stand, and be properly perfected by disafforestment, according to the bounds set out by the
perambulators (puraleurs), and that seisin of the
disafforested land should at once be granted to the true owners. The next two
articles, the fifth and sixth, related to the trespasses done by the king's
ministers against the tenor of the charters, and the wrongful fines levied
contrary to the statute passed at Westminster the previous Lent. The king
agreed that these should cease in the future, but was unwilling that Parliament
should have any control over the auditors appointed to enquire into these
matters.
They next demanded that the sheriffs should
answer for the issues, as was done in his father's time, which issues had been
and were to the great impoverishment of the people, and that the sheriffs
should not be more heavily charged. To this it was replied that a fitting
remedy for the matter would be provided by the common council as speedily as
possible.
The eighth to the eleventh articles obtained
the king's hearty consent. By these it was agreed that the perambulations not
finished or ridden should be made before Michaelmas next; that (fn. 2) if these
were done, a grant of a Fifteenth, instead of the Twentieth which had been
granted at that Parliament, would be made to him; but if not, nothing was to be
levied: and they besought the king to have regard to the subsidy of a Ninth
which had been granted to him not long before (that is in 1297), for the same things.
The Fifteenth was to be levied at Michaelmas then next (Seint Michel avenir de deinz le an), and four knights were to be elected by the
common assent in each county to tax, gather, and pay the Fifteenth to the king.
To the last article the prelates of the holy
church stated that they could not consent that any contribution should be made
from their goods or the goods of the clergy contrary to the prohibition of the
Apostolic See. This displeased the king, but the body of the nobles approved.
(fn. 3) On February 14th following, the king issued at Lincoln a full confir mation of both the Great
and Forest Charters, and granted that any statutes contrary to these two
charters, or to any article in either of them, should be amended, or even
annulled by the general council of the realm. (fn. 4)
As regards this confirmation Blackstone (fn. 5) remarks:—"This seems to
have been the final and complete establishment of the two charters, of
liberties and of the forest: which, from their first concession under King
John, A.D. 1215, had been often endangered, and undergone very many mutations,
for the space of near a century; but were now fixed upon an eternal basis,
having in all, before and since this time (as Sir Edward Coke observes), been
established, confirmed, and commanded to be put in execution, by two and thirty
several Acts of Parliament."
Soon after Michaelmas (Sept. 29th, 1301), the
king began to make preparations for levying the subsidy. By a mandate dated at
Stirling (Strivelyn) on Oct. 8, he ordered the
sheriff of Yorkshire to summon the commonalty of his county for the purpose of
choosing three or four knights, or other men, from among the more faithful and
discreet persons in the county, who should be best fitted for the duty of
assessing and collecting the Fifteenth. The collectors were to appear before
the treasurer and barons of the Exchequer on the morrow of St. Luke (Oct.
19th), to swear that they would well and faithfully do all that should be
required of them in this matter. (fn. 6)
The election must have been made with great
celerity. On October 24th the king at Dunipace (Donypas) confirmed the election of Gerard Salvayn,
Alexander de Cave, Robert de Berleye, Geoffrey de Hothum, Robert Gower, and
Ralph son of Ranulph, and informed them that the Fifteenth was to be paid into
the Exchequer on three several dates—the morrow of St. Martin (Nov. 12), Easter
(April 22), and the quindena of the Nativity of St.
John the Baptist (July 8); and at the same time he exhorted them to hurry on
the collection, as the money was very needful for the expedition in Scotland.
(fn. 7) The money came in but slowly, and to accelerate matters the king
appointed at Linlithgow (Lynliscu), on Nov. 21,
William de Carleton and Lambert de Thrikingham to
supervise and hasten the levy of the subsidy. As we hear nothing more on the
subject, probably the great bulk of the money came in with fair despatch. The
rolls for the North Riding were not finally delivered into the Exchequer until
Aug. 4, 1302. (fn. 9)
Edited by William Brown. A fifteenth granted
by Edward I at the Parliament held at Lincoln in spring 1301. It covers the
North Riding, one wapentake of the East Riding, and the liberties of St Mary's
and St Peter's in York. From the Yorkshire Archaeological Society Record
Series, volume 21.
The expense of collecting this sum was 50li
6s. 8d., or only slightly over one and a third per cent. The arrears amounted
to 35li 7s. 4d., or under one per cent., of which by far the greater portion
was due from the West Riding, the North Riding having a surplus of 1¼d., a
striking testimony to the excellence of the fiscal arrangements under Edward I.
The West Riding was still the poorest part of the county. The manufactures,
which at a later period made it the wealthiest of the three ridings, had not yet
been established.
The method of levying the Fifteenth so closely
resembles that used in raising the Ninth, levied in 1297, that it will be
sufficient to refer the reader to what I have printed on that subject in Vol.
XVI., of this series, pp. xii.–xvii. The only important difference is that it
is clearly stated here that the chief taxors, who were to be four in number,
were to be elected by the county. (fn. 12)
Goods held in a purely spiritual capacity
(mere spiritualia) were not to be taxed, but all
temporal goods, whether belonging to ecclesiastics or laymen, or any other
persons whatsoever in the realm, of whatever condition they might be, were to
be taxed in levying the Fifteenth, which was to be levied and collected from
the temporal goods for the king's use. (fn. 13)
Comparing this subsidy with the one next
preceding the Ninth levied in 1297, it will be noticed that a larger number of
people contribute to the tax, and that the tax is levied on very poor persons.
The smallest amount levied for the Ninth was a shilling, that is on goods of
the value of nine shillings; here as small a sum as twopence is by no means
uncommon, and in one case, Roger Milnes, in Goathland, 1¼d., that is, on
persons possessing half a crown and under. Two causes were probably the reason
of this,—first, the king's increasing need of money to carry on his Scotch
campaign; and second, as the subsidy was for a smaller proportion, a Fifteenth
instead of a Ninth, it was levied with greater strictness. This strictness,
however, varied very much in different parts of the Riding. As has already been
pointed out, sums as small as twopence and under were paid in many places,
whilst in the wapentake of Bulmer no one paid less than fivepence, and
elsewhere no very small amount is named, so that it would appear that the tax
was not generally levied on the very poor.
The religious houses were by far the largest
taxpayers. Their wealth, or at least the portion of it subject to taxation,
consisted exclusively of agricultural products, such as cattle, sheep, and
corn, and was due, no doubt, to their superior methods of farming, which were
encouraged by the quiet and security they enjoyed. A reference to the
Colchester return to this subsidy mentioned below will show that this was the
case in an Essex town, and the same rule would hold good of the North Riding.
The number of persons in the humbler ranks of
life mentioned in this roll makes the return almost as full as a poll-tax.
Compared with other mediæval subsidy rolls for
Yorkshire, its superiority in this respect is very marked, the only one at all
equal to it being the Ninth for 1297, already in print. The returns for the
reign of Edward III. are very jejune; and it is necessary to come down to the
poll-tax of 2 Richard II. (the Yorkshire portion of which has for the most part
appeared in the Journal of the Yorkshire Archæological
Society) to find its equal in fulness, though in other respects far less
interesting.
To the philologist the names of the poorer
classes are full of interest, and from them it may be seen how many of our
modern surnames are derived. To give an idea of the great variety of names
contained in this volume, it may suffice to state that in the wapentake of
Langbaurgh alone no fewer than seventy trades and occupations are mentioned;
and careful study of the returns for other places would increase the list very
greatly. Unfortunately, to treat the subject adequately requires more space and
knowledge than I can command.
The Yorkshire returns only give the sums
total, and do not specify the goods on which the Fifteenth was levied. To give
some idea of what the goods were that were subject to this tax, extracts are
given from the return for the borough of Colchester, (fn. 14) which may be
compared with the city of York as regards position and wealth:—
Roger Dyer (tinctor)
had on St. Michael's day last past (Sept. 29th, 1301) in valuables (thesauro) a clasp of silver, 18d.; a mazer cup, 18d. In his
chamber two robes, 20s.; two beds, half a marc; a napkin and a towel, 18d. In
his house a basin and ewer, 14d.; one andiron, 8d. In the kitchen a brass pot,
20d.; a small brass pot (pocinetum, O.E. posnet), 6d.; a small brass dish, 8d.; a tripod, 4d. In the
brewery one quarter of oats, 2s. Weed-ashes, (fn. 15) half a marc; a large vat
for the dye-work, 2s. 6d. Also a cow, 5s.; a bullock, 2s.; two little pigs,
12d. each; a sow, 15d. Billets and fagots for the
hearth, one marc. Sum, 71s. 5d.; the Fifteenth of which, 4s. 9¼d.
William de Sartrino, in valuables, a ring, 6d.
In his chamber a robe, 10s.; a bed, 3s. In his house a brass pot, 12d.; a basin
and ewer, 12d. Also a carthorse (affrus), 5s. In the
tannery skins and bark, 16s.; tubs and coolers (algeas
(fn. 16) ) for his business, 4s. Sum, 40s. 6d.; the Fifteenth of which, 2s.
8½d.
Gilbert Agote, in valuables, a silver clasp,
18d.; a mazer cup, 2s. In his chamber two robes, 20s.; a bed, 4s.; a napkin,
18d.; two towels, 12d. In his house one andiron, 4d.; a brass pot, 2s. 6d.; a
small brass dish, 12d.; a small brass pot, 6d.; a tripod, 8d.; two pairs of
fullers' shears (forpicum fullorum),
6s.; prepared teasels (cardones), 12d.; one pound of
wool, 3s. In the grange four quarters of wheat (siligo),
12s., at 3s. a quarter; four quarters of barley, 12s., at 3s. a quarter; six
quarters of small oats (avene minute (fn. 17) ),
10s., at 20d. a quarter; a cart-horse, 5s.; two cows, 5s. each; four young oxen
(boviculi), 3s each; a young pig, 12d.; sixty sheep (bidentes), 12d. each; meat in the larder, half a marc. Sum,
8li 13s. 8d.; the Fifteenth of which, 11s. 7d.
Walter Mason (le Mazun),
one bed-coverlet (chalon') and one sheet (linceamen), 18d.; one poor robe, 4s.; two young pigs, 10½d.
each; one brass pot, 20d.; one small brass pot, 10d. Sum, 9s. 9d.; the
Fifteenth of which, 8d.
John Skot, butcher, had, amongst other things,
meat for sale, lard and fat (sepum et pinguetudinem), 5s.; a knife and axe for cutting the meat
in his business (pro officiio suo),
6d.
John Godgrom (parmentarius),
had 2s. worth of white leather and gloves. William Gray, who was a mercer, had
a stock, worth 16s., of gloves, purses, belts, wax, and other small things.
There was one boat, which with its equipment (atilio)
was worth 18s. It was held in partnership by John le Gags and John de Peldon.
Robert le Musterder had mustard-seed and vinegar, two
hand-mills, and sepum and cotun:
the first, perhaps, for cepe, an onion, which may
have been used in mustard-making, though of this there is no evidence; and the
latter, possibly, some high-flavoured spice, or the like. The stock-in-trade
was at times very small. The stock of belts kept by Simon le Gerdlere was only valued at a shilling. Richard Hoke, who
was a blacksmith, was better furnished; his hammers, anvil, and other tools for
his forge, were worth 5s. One of the wealthiest men in the town was John
Edward. The sum total of the value of his goods was 109s. 3d. Amongst other
things he had a piece of woollen cloth, 7s.; wax, 5s.; silk and fine linen
(sindon (fn. 18) ), 20s.; flannel (flaunneol) and
silk purses, 24s.; gloves, belts, leather purses, and needles, half a marc; and
2s. worth of small articles in mercery.
Amongst miscellaneous articles there was a
gridiron (craticula), a wash-tub (lotorium),
russet-coloured cloth, two silver spoons (only worth 16d.) and verdigris (viridegret') and
quicksilver belonging to a merchant, William de Saham, whose whole
stock-in-trade only amounted to 15s.
By far the wealthiest tax-payers,—here as in
Yorkshire,—were the religious houses. The abbot of St. John's paid 9li 19s.;
the prior of St. Botolph, 6li 19s. 8d.; and the master of the Leper House of
St. Mary Magdalen's, 4li 3s. 8d. By comparing the list of the goods of these
three houses, we obtain the following prices:—For corn, wheat, and barley, 3s.
a quarter; small oats, 20d.; oat malt (braseum avene), 2s.; and barley malt (braseum
ordei), 3s. 4d.; beans, 4s.; (fn. 19) oxen, 10s.
apiece; young oxen, two for a marc; cows and bulls, 5s. apiece; a calf, 12d.; a
stot, 6s.; a horse, 6s.; a cart-horse, 4s.; hakeneys,
3s. and 4s.; (fn. 20) a twoyear-old sheep (bidens), 12d.; an ewe, 12d.; a young sheep (agnus), 6d.;
pigs, 2s. and 18d. (fn. 21)
In nearly every case the prices here are
considerably higher than those prevailing in the West Riding in 1297, probably
in consequence of Colchester being in a more populous county, and nearer
London.
Before concluding, I wish to tender my
heartiest thanks to the Rev. Canon Atkinson, vicar of Danbyin-Cleveland,
for his ready assistance and advice given in the preparation both of this
volume and of the one on the Ninth, and also for helping with the revision of
the proofs in both volumes, a most tedious and wearying undertaking.
Footnotes
1. Parliamentary
Writs, i. 104, 105.
2. "Le pueple de Reaume, ensy ke totes
les choses suzdites se facent e seent
establement afermez e acomplez, ly grante
le xvmc en luy del xxme einz
ces houres graunte, issint ke tote
les choses suz dites entre sy
e la Seint Michel prochein
suant se facent, autrement qe rien ne seit levee. Placet expresse. E qe il voille aver
regard al nevime done nadgeres pur mesmes les choses
avoir. Placet expresse."
3. "E par ceste
choses suzdites ne pount ne
osent pas les prelatz de Seinte
Eglise assentir ke contribucion
seit fete de lur biens, ne de biens de la clergie, en contre le defens le Apostoille. Non placuit Regi, set communitas procerum
approbavit."
4. Vincent's Lancashire Lay Subsidies, pp.
235–6, where is printed a copy of the royal confirmation, copied from Tower
Miscellaneous Rolls, 113, m. 18. The perambulation of the Yorkshire forests
occurs on m. 2.
5. The Great Charter. Introduction, p. lxxiv.,
quoted by Vincent, p. 236.
6. Parliamentary
Writs, i. 106.
7. "Pecunie quam festinanter pro expeditione guerre nostre Scocie
nos habere necesserio oportebit." Ibid.
8. Ibid., p. 108.
9. See p. 104 infra, where the date is
wrongfully printed 1303.
10. Printed at length on p.
11. This does not include the tallage paid by the city of York, 418li. 12s. 8d. (see p.
117 infra); nor the Fifteenth of the goods of the Hospitallers and Templars,
who had compounded with the king for their portion (Parliamentary Writs, i. 106).
12. Ibid. i. 105.
13. Ibid. i. 110.
Order dated at Roxburgh (Rokesburgh), 9th Feb.,
1301–2. "Set quod omnia bona temporalitatis tam ecclesiasticarum quam temporalium et aliarum quarumcumque personarum de regno nostro, cujuscumque condicionis existant, ratione ejusdem quinte decime
taxentur, et de eisdem bonis temporalitatis quinta
decima illa levetur et colligatur ad opus nostrum juxta formam
predictam." In the taxation of Colchester (Rolls
of Parliament, i., Appendix, p. 243), it is expressly
stated that the rector of St. Rumwold's paid on his
lay fee,"de laico feodo suo."
14. Rolls of Parliament, i.,
Appendix, p. 243. "From the original in the possession of the Rev. P.
Morant, now in the collection of Thomas Astle, Esq."
15. Cineres de wed'.
"Nothing more or less than what used to be called when I was a boy'
wood-ashes,' which were used for making 'ley,' the alkaline liquor which
removed the grease, some natural, some added, and made the material capable of
receiving the dye. These wood-ashes might contain in their bulk any vegetable
ashes whatever; and I well remember the careful way in which the said ashes
were saved. The weed-heaps always afforded a lot of these said ashes; and when
one remembers what weed-burning is, even yet in many places, and especially
what it was when cultivation was in its most imperfect stages, weed-ashes could
have been only as plentiful as the ley that was made from them was
indispensable in the processes the cloth had to be passed through."—J.C.A.
16. John Menny, who was also in the tanning
business, had cuvas et algea
in his tannery.
17. Probably an inferior kind of oats. The
word small is used with a similar meaning in the phrase "small beer."
18. Et accepto
corpore Joseph involirt illud
in sindone munda (St.
Matthew xxvii. 59).
19. Property of John Menny.
20. Property of William Gray and Stephen de
Levenhey.
21. Property of William Gray and John Menny.
LIST OF TAXORS AND SUMS PAID. (fn. 1)
Yorkshire, West Riding.—Ralph son of Ranulph,
Robert de Berle deceased, Richard de Berle his son and heir for him, 989li 15s.
8¼d.
North Riding.—Alexander de Cave and Robert
Gower, 1,668li 13s. 9¾d.
East Riding.—Gerard Salveyn and Geoffrey de
Hothum, 1,118li 11s. 4¼d.
Account rendered by the Yorkshire taxors
Summa totalis Quintedecime de Westrithing', Northriging' et Estrithing' de
Com. Ebor. M (fn. 1) M (fn. 1) M (fn. 1) DCCLXXVijli
xd. q. In thesaurario mille
Diiijxx xvijli in v tall'
per Alexandrum de Cave et ejus
socium pro parte de Northriging'. Item in thesaurario
dciiijxxvijli xs. per Gerardum Salveyn et ejus socium in xj tall' de parte de Estreding'. In thesaurario DCXiijli per Robertum de Berle et
ejus socium in xj tall'. Item in thesaurario CCXLiiijli xijs. o. per eosdem in xiiij tall'. Item in thesaurario viijli xixs. iiijd. o. per eosdem. Item in thesaurario xxxvijli per eosdem. Et eisdem Roberto de Berle et Radulpho
filio Ranulphi, Taxatoribus et Collectoribus in Westriding', pro misis et expensis factis circa taxationem et collectionem predictas in dicto Tridingo xiijli vjs. viijd.
Item in thesaurario per dictos
Robertum de Berle et Radulphum
filium Ranulphi LXVijli xvjs. vijd.
o. Item in thesaurario xxixli
xs. per Alexandrum de Cave
et socios suos in ij tall'. Item in thesaurario xiiijli per Abbatem de Bella
Landa pro eisdem collectoribus
in Northredyng'. Item in thesaurario ciiijxxxijli ijs. vjd. per Gerardum Salveyn et socios suos. Et predictis Alexandro de Cave et
Roberto Gower pro misis et expensis
factis circa taxationem (fn. 1) et collectionem predictas xxli. Et Radulphus filius Ranulphi et Robertus de Berle respondent
in Ebor. in rotulo secundo
Regis E. filii Regis hujus
de cs. xjd. o.q. de rem' portionis sue. Et
Alexander de Cave et Robertus Gower respondent ibidem
de xxvijs. iiijd. de portione sua. Item in thesaurario
ciiijxxxjli xijs. vjd. per Gerardum et Galfridum. Et in thesaurario vjli xvjs. vijd. per Alexandrum de Cave et Robertum
Gower de Northredyng'. Et predictis
Gerardo et Galfrido pro expensis suis xvijli. Et debent predicti Gerardus et Galfridus xxxli vjs. iiijd. q. de rem' de Estridyng', et respondent in rotulo
vij Regis E. filii hujus in Ebor. Memorandum (fn. 2) quod Radulphus filius Ranulphi et Robertus de Berle sunt quieti,
et Alexander de Cave et Robertus Gower habent de
superplusagio jd. q., et Gerardus Salveyn
et Galfridus de Hothum debent xxxli vjs.
iiijd. q., et respondent in rotulo
vij Regis E. filii Regis hujus
in Ebor.
The sum total of the fifteenth of Westrithing, Northriging and Estrithing of Com. I will M (fn. 1) M (fn. 1) M (fn. 1) DCCLXXVijli xd. Q. In the treasury one thousand Diiijxx xvijli in v tall' by
Alexander de Cave and his partner for part of Northriging'.
Also in the treasurer dciiijxxvijli xs. by Gerardus Salveyn and his partner in xj tall' on the part of Estreding'.
In the treasury of XXIijli by Robert de Berle and his
partner in xj tall'. Also in the treasury 243ijli xijs. O. by the same in xiii tall'. Also in the treasury of
the 8th century xixs. iiijd.
O. by the same Also in the treasury of xxxvijli by
the same. And to the same Robert de Berle and Radulph son of Ranulphus, Taxors
and Collectors in Westriding, for the charges and
expenses made in connection with the taxation and collection aforesaid in the
said Triding xiiijl vjs. viijd. Also in the treasury
by the said Robert de Berle and Ralph the son of Ranulphi
671 xvjs. vijd. O. Also in
the treasurer xxixli xs. by
Alexander de Cave and his associates in ij tall'.
Also in the treasury xiiijli by the Abbot of Bella
Landa for the same collectors in Northredyng. Also in the treasury ciiijxxxijli ijs. vjd. by Gerard Salveyn and his associates. And to the
aforesaid Alexander de Cave and Robert Gower for the dispatches and expenses
made concerning the taxation (fn. 1) and the aforesaid collection xxli. And Ralph son of Ranulf and Robert de Berle answer in
Ebor. in the second roll of King E. the son of this King of cs. xjd o.q. on the subject of his
portion And Alexander de Cave and Robert Gower answer in the same place about
xxvii. iiijd. about his portion. Also in the treasury
ciiijxxxjli xijs. vjd. by Gerard and Galfrid. And in the treasury of the 5th
and 15th. vijd. by Alexander de Cave and Robert Gower
de Northredyng. And to the aforesaid Gerard and Galfrid for their expenses xvijl. And Gerardus and Galfridus should be mentioned xxxli vjs. iiijd.
Q. de rem' de Estridyng', and they answer in the roll
vij King E. of this son in Ebor. Memorandum (fn. 2)
that Ralph son of Ranulf and Robert de Berle are quit, and Alexander de Cave
and Robert Gower have of the surplus jd. q., and
Gerardus Salveyn and Galfridus de Hothum owe xxxli vjs. iiijd.
q., and they correspond in the roll vii of King E., the sons of this King in
Ebor