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The House Stuteville

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A Chronology of the De Stuteville Family in Yorkshire

 

 

 

  

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Headlines are in brown.

Dates are in red.

Hyperlinks to other pages are in dark blue.

References and citations are in turquoise.

Context and local history are in purple.

Geographical context is in green.

 

 

After the Norman Conquest, the political history of Yorkshire was largely focused on the Barons.

 

 

1086

Domesday Book published.

 

By the time of The Domesday Book, William had redistributed the old estates to his supporters. There was a new aristocracy of Norman, Breton and Flemish landowners. The manor and Estate of Chirchebi (Kirkbymoorside) has passed to High Fitz Baldric.

 

In England Hugh son of Baldric was an important tenant-in-chief in Yorkshire, and to a smaller extent in Lincolnshire; he also held two manors in Nottinghamshire, single holdings in Wiltshire and Berkshire, and interests in four holdings in Hampshire. In Yorkshire Hugh son of Baldric held about 50 manors with many berewicks and sokeland, assessed at approximately 410 carucates. Hugh son of Baldric was given mixed estates which included those of Kofsi, Arnketil, Thorr, Orm and others.

 

But Hugh Fitz Baldric died at his hometown of Cottingham in 1086.

 

The greater part of these holdings passed, presumably by royal grant, to Robert de Stuteville. 'The estates of Hugh son of Baldric, Domesday lord of Cottingham, were divided after his death and the bulk of his lands in Yorkshire passed to Robert I de Stuteville.' Ivor John Sanders, English Baronies: A Study of Their Origins and Descent 1086-1327

 

Kirkbymoorside passed to Robert de Stuteville.

 

Robert II of Stuteville was born about 1084 in Yorkshire. Son of Robert (Estouteville) d'Estouteville I. Brother of Nicolas I (Estouteville) Stuteville and Emma (Estouteville) de Grentmesnil. Husband of Erneburge (Fitzbaldric) Stuteville.

He married Jeanne (Talbot) de Stuteville.

Their children were Burga (Stuteville) Pantulf, Nicholas (Stuteville) de Stuteville, Alice (Stuteville) Fleming, Osmund (Stuteville) de Stuteville, John (Stuteville) de Stuteville, Patrick (Stuteville) de Stuteville and Robert (Stuteville) de Stuteville III.

It is not believed that he held lands in England.

1106

 

Henry I defeated his elder brother and rival Robert Curthose at the Battle of Tinchebrai.

 

After his victory he visited York and Pickering. Henry I redistributed land from Robert Curtose’s supporters, including Robert de Stuteville to his new men, including Nigel d’Albini, ancestor of the Mowbray family and Robert de Brus.

 

A supporter of Robert Curthose with his father, Robert was captured at St.Pierre-sur-Dive shortly before the battle of Tinchebrai, Robert II de Stuteville (Robert Grundebeof,) had supported Robert of Normandy at the battle of Tinchebray in 1106, where he was taken captive and kept in prison for the rest of his life.

 

The de Stutevilles were deprived of the estate in 1106 when it was granted to Nigel d’Aubigny, one of Henry I’s “new men”

 

1138

Died after 1138 after about age 54 in Cottingham, Yorkshire.

1154

Roger de Mowbray, son of Niel Daubeney, grantee of the Stuteville lands, was holding Kirkbymoorside.

Robert de Stuteville, grandson of the first Robert, laid claim to the barony.

Roger gave him Kirkbymoorside for 10 knights’ fees in satisfaction of his claim. This arrangement however was not ratified in the King’s courts.

Robert III de Stuteville Baron of Cottingham was son of Robert II de Stuteville (from Estouteville in Normandy), one of the northern barons who commanded the English at the battle of the Standard in August 1138.

1158

Robert III de Stuteville was witness to a charter of Henry II of England on 8 January 1158 at Newcastle-on-Tyne. He was a justice itinerant in the counties of Cumberland and Northumberland in 1170–1171, and High Sheriff of Yorkshire from Easter 1170 to Easter 1175.

1166

The Stutevilles favoured the Benedictine monks of Saint Mary's Abbey, York, and their own small House of nuns founded at Keldholme, near Kirkbymoorside. Rievaulx Abbey was unable to sustain its claim to the Farndale property and a little before 1166 Robert De Stuteville granted to Keldholme Priory timber and wood in Farndale, together with a vaccary, pasture and cultivated land in East Bransdale. This implies some earlier settlements, but not very much. The Keldholme property in Bransdale, which can still be identified in the survey of 1610, never amounted to more than 40 or 50 acres at Cockayn at the head of the valley. At about the same time Robert gave to Saint Mary's Abbey, who held the nearby Manor of Spaunton, as much timber and wood as they required together with pasture and pannage of pigs in Farndale. All the documents mentioned so far clearly indicate that Farndale was regularly primarily as a resource of timber and pasture in the mid 12th century, with little evidence of settlement.

1172

 

Henry the Young King allied himself with the King of Scotland in 1172 and rebelled. Some of the sokemen of Pickering were fined for their involvement.

 

Bernard de Balliol and Robert de Stuteville captured the Scottish King at Alnwick and imprisoned him at Richmond Castle.

 

Roger Mowbray of Thirsk joined the rebels and he was attacked by royal forces. He was defeated on two occasions around Northallerton.

 

There was peace by 1175, when Robert de Stuteville supervised the building of castles in Edinburgh and Scarborough.

 

Roger de Mowbray was compelled to hand back Kirkbymoorside to the de Stutevilles along with many other fees.

The rising Stuteville family recovered much of the old estate forfeited by their ancestors, including Kirkbymoorside.

 

1174

 

The King's Knaresborough Castle and Appleby Castle were in Robert de Stuteville’s custody in April 1174, when they were captured by David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon. Stuteville, with his brothers and sons, was active in support of the king during the war of 1174, and he took a prominent part in the capture of William the Lion at Alnwick on 13 July (Rog. Hov. ii. 60).

1177

He was one of the witnesses to the Spanish award on 16 March 1177, and from 1174 to 1181 was constantly in attendance on the king, both in England and abroad.

Stuteville by his wife, Helewise de Murdac, had two sons William and Nicholas and two daughters, Burga, who was married to William de Vesci and Helewise, who was married firstly to William de Lancaster, secondly to Hugh de Morville and thirdly to William de Greystoke. He may have also had sons Robert, Eustace and Osmund. Robert de Stuteville was probably brother of the Roger de Stuteville who was sheriff of Northumberland from 1170 to 1185, and defended Wark on Tweed Castle against William the Lion in 1174.

Roger received charge of Edinburgh Castle in 1177, and he built the first Burton Agnes Manor House. However Roger may have been his kinsman, not his brother, as son of Osmund de Stuteville (b. about 1125, of Burton Agnes, Yorkshire, England, d. before Sep 1202) and his wife (m. abt 1146) Isabel de Gressinghall, daughter of William Fitz Roger de Gressinghall.

He is the probable founder of the nunneries of Keldholme and Rosedale, Yorkshire, and was a benefactor of Rievaulx Abbey.

1186

He seems to have died in the early part of 1186. He claimed the barony, which had been forfeited by his grandfather, from Roger de Mowbray, who by way of compromise gave him Kirby Moorside.

1200

A dispute broke out again between William de Stuteville, son of Robert de Mowbray, grandson of Roger.

Finally William de Mowbray confirmed the previous agreement and gave 9 knights’ fees in augmentum.

Henceforward Kirkby Moorside was held of the Mowbrays by the heirs of the Stutevilles until the end of the 14th century.

William de Stuteville was succeeded by his brother Nicholas de Stuteville, who fought against the King at Lincoln and was taken prisoner there. He bound his manors of Kirkby Moorside and Lidell to pay 1,000 marks as his ransom.

Nicholas de Stuteville was the second son of Robert III de Stuteville and Helewise Murdac. Nicholas was heir to his brother William.

Nicholas’s wife was Gunnora d'Aubigny daughter of Raoul de Aubigny and Sybil de Valgones, they had the following known issue:

·         Robert de Stuteville (died 1213), married Sibyl de Valognes, had issue.

·         Nicholas de Stuteville, married Dervorguilla filias Lochlann of Galloway, had Joan de Stuteville who later married Hugh Wake and secondly Hugh le Bigod and Margaret de Stuteville she married William de Mustac

1201

 

King John stayed overnight at William de Stuteville’s Cottingham Castle in 1201 and William de Stuteville bought the office of sheriff of Yorkshire.

 

1216

 

Nicholas de Stuteville  was one of the barons who met at Stamford in 1216.

 

1217

Nicholas was captured at the Battle of Lincoln on 20 May 1217, by William Marshall and paid 1,000 marks for his release.

 

1218

He died in 1218 and was succeeded by his grandson Eustace de Stuteville.

 

From about 1230

 

Assarting was clearly proceeding apace in the middle decades of the 13th century, since Lady Joan de Stuteville successfully prosecuted the Abbot of Saint Mary's, York, for exceeding her rights of taking wood in Farndale by actually assarting 100 acres of land.

1232

 

Nicolas de Stuteville’s son Nicholas de Stuteville the Younger in 1232 quitclaimed common of pasture of Farndale to the Abbot of St Mary’s, York.

1233

 

Nicholas de Stuteville the Younger died, leaving two daughters and co-heirs, Joan wife of Hugh Wake and Margaret, whose marriage had been granted to William de Mastac.

Joan de Stuteville, heiress of Cottingham, born 1216. She was the daughter of Nicholas II de Stuteville and Devorguilla of Galloway, wife of Hugh Wake, feudal lord of Bourne and Hugh Bigod, Chief Justice of England, mother of Nicholas Wake, Sir; Sir Hugh Wake; Sir Baldwin Wake, III, Lord of Bourne; Joan Burnet; Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk and 2 others, the sister of Margaret de Stuteville, the half sister of Nicholas III de Stuteville. This Joan, better known as the "Fair Maid of Kent," [not sure this is right - see below] survived her husband, and, resuming her maiden name, left the barony to her son, Baldwin de Wake. The impression of her seal bore the device of a lady riding on horseback sideways, a style which she is said to have been the first to adopt. The Wake line ended in three co-heiresses, one of whom married the Earl of Westmoreland, who succeeded to the barony of Kirbymoorside, and it remained in the possession of this family until 1570.

1241

 

Hugh Wake died in or about 1241, and Joan obtained the custody of his heirs until their full age. She married, as her second husband, Hugh le Bigod, but as a widow was known as Joan de Stutville.

1255

 

Margaret was dead, and Joan now had her lands.

1272

 

Before Margaret’s death she had enfeoffed in the manor of Kirkby Moorside her son Baldwin Wake. Baldwin took homage of the King as her heir in 1276.

1276

 

Joan de Stuteville died on or about 6 April 1276.

1282

 

Baldwin Wake died in 1282 and was succeeded by his son and heir John, who was summoned to Parliament as Lord Wake by Edward I.

1298

 

John enfeoffed the king of his lands in 1298, and they were regranted to him and his wife Joan in fee simple in the same year.

Joan outlived her husband, and was ‘lady of Liddell’ during the minority of her son Thomas Wake.

The custody of this boy was granted to Henry de Percy, who transferred it to the Society of the Ballardi of Lucca. This was not ratified by the King, but later ‘not recollecting the confirmation of the grant’, he “caused the manor, then in the hands of the merchants, to be taken into his hands, and he delivered it with fees &c, who since he has held the said manor has received £340 out of the issues thereof, for which Henry de Percy has made supplication to the King to caused satisfaction to be made to the merchants for his exoneration.”

1349

Thomas Wake remained in possession of the relevant lands including Kirkbymoorside until he died in 1349.

His heir was his sister Margaret, wife of Edmund Earl of Kent, whose son John succeeded her.

Margaret Wake, suo jure 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell and Countess of Kent (c. 1297 – 19 September 1349), was the wife of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, the youngest surviving son of Edward I of England and Margaret of France.

By 1349, merchant ships transported rats carrying the black death to Britain. The black death soon swept through the villages in the south and then the north of Britain.  Soon it swept through most villages in Britain.

1352

John died three years later, however without issue, and his sister Joan, ‘the fair maid of Kent’, was his heir. Her first husband was Thomas Holand, created Earl of Kent in 1360, by whom he had a son and heir Thomas Holand.

Joan, Countess of Kent (29 September 1326 or 1327 to 7 August 1385), known as the Fair Maid of Kent, was the mother of King Richard II of England, her son by her third husband, Edward the Black Prince, son and heir apparent of King Edward III. Although the French chronicler Jean Froissart called her "the most beautiful woman in all the realm of England, and the most loving", the appellation "Fair Maid of Kent" does not appear to be contemporary. Joan inherited the titles 4th Countess of Kent and 5th Baroness Wake of Liddell after the death of her brother John, 3rd Earl of Kent, in 1352. Joan was made a Lady of the Garter in 1378.

Joan was the daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, by his wife, Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell. Edmund was the sixth son of King Edward I of England by his second wife, Margaret of France, daughter of King Philip III of France. Edmund was always a loyal supporter of his eldest half-brother, King Edward II, which placed him in conflict with that monarch's wife, Queen Isabella of France and her lover Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March. Edmund was executed in 1330 after Edward II was deposed; and Edmund's widow and four children (including Joan, who was only two years old at the time) were placed under house arrest in Arundel Castle in Sussex, which had been granted to Edmund in 1326 by his half-brother the king following the execution of the rebel Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel. It was a time of great strain for the widowed Countess of Kent and her four children. They received respite after the new king, Edward III (Joan's half-first cousin), reached adulthood and took charge of affairs. He took on the responsibility for the family and looked after them well.

In 1340, at the age of about thirteen, Joan secretly married 26-year-old Thomas Holland of Up Holland, Lancashire, without first gaining the royal consent necessary for couples of their rank. Shortly after the wedding, Holland left for the continent as part of the English expedition into Flanders and France. The following winter (1340 or 1341), while Holland was overseas, Joan's family arranged for her to marry William Montagu, son and heir of William Montagu, 1st Earl of Salisbury. It is not known if Joan confided to anyone about her first marriage before marrying Montagu, who was her own age. Later, Joan indicated that she had not announced her existing marriage with Thomas Holland because she was afraid it would lead to Holland's execution for treason. She may also have been influenced to believe that the earlier marriage was invalid. Montagu's father died in 1344, and he became the 2nd Earl of Salisbury.

1361

Transfer of the lands of Kirkbymoorside (including lands in Farndale, Gillyngmore, Brauncedale and Fademore) from Thomas de Holand earl of Kent to his widow Joan.

 

1365

Later Joan married Edward the Black Prince, with whom in 1365 she settled this manor on Thomas and Alice his wife and their heirs, with reversion to the prince and herself.

On 10 October 1361 the Black Prince, then 31, married his cousin Joan, Countess of Kent, daughter of Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, younger son of Edward I, and Margaret, daughter of Philip III of France, and widow of Thomas Lord Holland, and in right of his wife Earl of Kent, then in her thirty-third year, and the mother of three children. As the prince and the countess were related in the third degree, and also by the spiritual tie of sponsorship, the prince being godfather to Joan's elder son Thomas, a dispensation was obtained for their marriage from Pope Innocent VI, though they appear to have been contracted before it was applied for. The marriage was performed at Windsor, in the presence of King Edward III, by Simon Islip Archbishop of Canterbury. According to Jean Froissart the contract of marriage (the engagement) was entered into without the knowledge of the king. The prince and his wife resided at Berkhamsted Castle in Hertfordshire and held the manor of Princes Risborough from 1343; though local history describes the estate as "his palace", many sources suggest it was used more as a hunting lodge.

1397

In 1397 Thomas Earl of Kent died and Alice was left in possession for life. Of her sons, Thomas the Elder was beheaded  as a traitor in 1399 and his brother Edmund died before his mother in 1408, when the earldom of Kent fell into abeyance.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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